Early Days in University Geophysics

ALIMD: the early days.

R I reviewed the minutes for the Association of Life Insurance Medical Directors (ALIMD) for 1889. These recorded the original organizational meeting of the group. Life insurance or assurance had started in this country in the early 1840s. Initially, the companies were mutual companies, owned by the policy holders and often dedicated to serving a specific clientele. The major risk in insuring t...

Early days with Carl

Science is all about making discoveries. That's it! It was my good fortune and Carl's good fortune to share an experiment that produced an unexpected result. In the 1960s, Carl became interested in the classification of bacteria with the ultimate goal of defining the relatedness of bacterial groups as well as events in the evolution of these organisms. He proposed to do this by studying the seq...

Algebraic cohomology: the early days

This paper will survey the various definitions of homology theories from the first Eilenberg-Mac Lane theories for group cohomology through the Cartan-Eilenberg attempt at a uniform (co-)homology theory in algebra, cotriple cohomology theories and the various acyclic models theorems that tied them all together (as much as was possible).

Early days and East Africa

The early days of IVF.

Fertilizing mammalian eggs in vitro has a history dating back to the early 20th century. Analyses on rodent embryos in short-term culture opened new prospects of research on human embryos in vitro. This phase of research really opened in the 1930s as Pincus and colleagues, Enzmann and Saunders, initially liberated immature rabbit oocytes from their follicles into culture media and discovered ho...